for c programmers:
redirected cat

cat >> $out_file << EOF
first line of data
second line of data
more data
the end of the data
EOF

indented cat

cat >> $out_file <<-EOF
	first line of data
	second line of data
	more data
	the end of the data
EOF

ls -l   $directory/*.log   >   $out_file   2>&1

simple menu

count=0
for file in `ls -1 $source_directory`
do
    count=`expr $count + 1`
    echo "$count:	$file"  >> $menu_file
done
echo "Please select a number from this menu"
cat $menu_file
read $choice
echo "Thanks"
filename=`grep $choice $menu_file | cut -f2 -d:`
echo "You chose [$filename]"




tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]' < $in_file > $out_file

pipes

	line_count=`wc -l $filename | cut -c1-8`
	process_id=`ps -ef \
		   | grep $process \
		   | grep -v grep \
		   | cut -f1 -d\	`
	upper_case=`echo $lower_case | tr '[a-z]' '[A-Z]'`